Being a newer member, it's probably not my place to say, but...
Stickies - there are several long, informative threads in the lower pages of the forum(as linked to in the recent "threads worth revisiting" topic), making some of them stickies in each forum could cut down on some of the inane shit that gets started.
Punishment for members who post completely off-topic or try and bait others into a reaction - I'm not sure if it's possible in php, but some form of karma system? Each memebr has a +/- under their username, a fellow member clicks "+" if they see a good, well thought out post, a "-" if it's the opposite. It can be open to abuse, but it usually evens itself out after it's given some time.
Somehow limit members to creating a new topic(apart from the introductions forum) - a post limit, 10-50? (A karma limit?)
More visible moderation - Instead of seemingly hoping a thread dies out, why not have the moderators link to the aforementioned stickies in a repeat thread, and then lock it. To me a forum moderators job is like the fishing net of a trawler - it lets the plankton filter through and sink to the bottom, while catching the bigger fish.
A review of the entire moderating team - more/less, old/new, hiring/firing. From the beginning.
Reasons for permanent bans being made public - Notice permanent, temporary bans won't be given a reason. The lack of reason signifies to memebrs A) It isn't permanent. B) The severity wasn't necessary for it to be permanent.
Purge memberships - After 90 days/3 months of inactivity, simply delete the account.
*shrug* Just the thoughts from the top of my head.